The perception of Russia in the European Union is deeply heterogeneous and depends on a multitude of factors: geographical proximity, historical experience, economic ties, and even the internal political agenda. Several groups of countries with fundamentally different attitudes can be identified. Countries perceiving Russia as the main threat Poland and the Baltic States In these states, especially in Poland and Lithuania, Russia is perceived as one of the main threats to security. According to a survey, fifty-one percent of Poles and fifty-seven percent of Lithuanians named Russian aggression among the key threats to Europe. This is due to geographical proximity and historical memory of being part of the Russian Empire and the Soviet sphere of influence. In Poland, this figure reaches ninety-two percent. Support for NATO membership exceeds eighty percent here. Denmark Denmark, not bordering Russia directly, nonetheless demonstrates a high level of concern: sixty-two percent of Danes see Russia as the main threat. This is due to the country's strategic location, controlling access to the Baltic Sea, through which Russian military ships pass, as well as the fact that Denmark is one of the leaders in terms of military aid to Ukraine. ... Read more